
We, at the Russian Commerce, promote native African art in Russia. We work along state and private institutions toward advancement and better understanding of native African art. The Russian society’s interest in and knowledge of Africa is increasing. We see the popularization of African art, and artistic and sacred heritage as a worthy and worthwhile goal. Africa is a wonderful, and at least from our perspective, she is both an underappreciated continent and a magnificent civilization.
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Russian art perceptions have been strongly Eurocentric. A false idea that took root was that if art is not realistic, it must be primitive. A German art historian and philosopher Wilhelm Worringer (1881-1965) wrote several works on abstraction (such as Abstraction and Empathy, Abstraktion und Einfühlung, 1907) in which he also examined African art and came to the conclusion that it is by no means primitive. He published his fundamental works on abstraction in art well before WWI, but, because of political considerations in Bolshevist Russia (Soviet art had to be realist) his essays were translated or widely published in Russia until the 1960s.
For the sake of fairness, one must say that native African art can be exceptionally realistic. Here is a work of art from the Yoruba people, dating from the 12th to the 15th century.
The piece represents an example of striking realism. It was created at the time when the skill of depicting humans in a realist manner, in pre-Renaissance art, especially sculpture, of Medieval Europe, was most definitely behind Africa.
Native African art encompasses a wide range of artistic traditions and styles that have developed throughout the diverse cultures and regions of the African continent. This art includes sculpture, masks, textiles, pottery, jewelry, and functional objects, often reflecting the social, spiritual, and cultural values of the communities that produce them.
African art is known for its diversity and complexity, with each region and ethnic group having its own distinctive artistic style and techniques. For example, the art of the Akan people in West Africa is characterized by intricate gold and brass castings, while the Yoruba people are renowned for their striking wood carvings and elaborate masquerade traditions. Old sculptures by Yoruba people are magnificent examples of realist art.
African sculpture is known for its expressive and powerful forms. There are various styles, such as the Liguri style in West Africa, the Nok style in Nigeria, and the Ife style in Nigeria. These styles often depict human figures, animals, and stunning abstract shapes.
Pottery is an essential part of African art, with various cultures creating their distinct pottery designs. Some notable examples include the Nok terracotta figures from Nigeria, the Zulu beadwork from South Africa, and the Tingatinga paintings from Tanzania.
With their intricate patterns and vibrant colors textiles represent a vibrant section of traditional African arts. Techniques such as weaving, dyeing, and embroidery are used to create beautiful textiles. Some examples include the Kente cloth from Ghana, the Adire textiles from Nigeria, and the Shweshwe fabric from South Africa.
Masks: Masks are an essential part of African art and are used in various ceremonies. African masks can also serve as sacred objects. Many traditional African works of art serve important ritual and ceremonial functions. As was mentioned masks are used in religious ceremonies, sculptures associated with ancestor veneration, and textiles worn during rites of passage. These pieces often convey symbolic meanings and are integral to the spiritual and cultural life of African societies.
In addition to traditional art forms, contemporary African artists continue to create vibrant and innovative works that blend traditional aesthetics with modern influences. African art has gained global recognition for its creativity, craftsmanship, and cultural significance, and it continues to inspire and influence artists and art enthusiasts around the world.